{"id":8413,"date":"2023-12-01T13:39:14","date_gmt":"2023-12-01T13:39:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ielts.completesuccess.in\/?p=8413"},"modified":"2023-12-10T09:03:48","modified_gmt":"2023-12-10T09:03:48","slug":"gt-cambridge-12-reading-4-music-clubs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ielts.completesuccess.in\/index.php\/2023\/12\/01\/gt-cambridge-12-reading-4-music-clubs\/","title":{"rendered":"GT Cambridge 12 &#8211; Reading 4"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"8413\" class=\"elementor elementor-8413\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56416a9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"56416a9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9d8e9e1\" data-id=\"9d8e9e1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-551a195 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"551a195\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #000000;\"><strong>SECTION 1 <\/strong><\/span><\/h1><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Read the text below and answer Questions 1-6.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Music Clubs<\/strong><\/span><\/h3><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>A.<\/strong> <\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Whitehay Youth Music is intended for anyone aged between 6 and 14 who is keen to perform in public. The club is limited to 30 members at any time, and we operate a waiting list for membership. Two concerts are performed every year, and every member takes part. Members must have reached at least an intermediate standard on their instrument. The group meets in the Jubilee Hall on Wednesday evenings during term time for rehearsals and for workshops in which members learn how to improve their playing.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>B<\/strong> <\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Whitehay Music Club brings together music lovers from around the district, for enjoyable evenings of food and music. We meet monthly in members\u2019 homes, and during the evening we have a buffet meal and listen to recordings of both\u2019 well-known and not so well-known music. The music is preceded by a brief talk providing background information about the composers and the music. Every few months we organise a coach trip to a musical event within a radius of 50 km.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>C<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Whitehay Philharmonic is an amateur orchestra, founded in 1954, Two or three times a year, it performs a wide range of music to large and appreciative audiences from the area, in the town\u2019s Jubilee Hall. New members are always welcome, and can take part in rehearsals, although there may not be room for everyone to perform in the concerts. Because the orchestra only partly finances its performances through ticket sales, members with marketing experience are particularly welcome, in order to build sales.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>D<\/strong> <\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Whitehay Music Society is primarily a fundraising group that organises a range of money-making activities \u2014 from street collections to seeking sponsorship from local businesses. The money raised is used to support professional musicians if, for example, illness prevents them from earning a living. As a member, you will receive a monthly newsletter describing our work, and containing details of concerts, operas and other performances, both locally and nationally. Everybody is welcome to join the society: children are particularly welcome, along with their parents.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Questions 1-8<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Look at the four advertisements for music clubs in a town called Whitehay, A-D, on below page.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">For which club are the following statements true?<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Write the correct letter, A-D, in boxes 1\u20148 on your answer sheet.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1.<\/strong> It needs members who can find ways of increasing audience numbers.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>2.<\/strong> All its members perform in club concerts.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>3. <\/strong>It distributes information about musical events to its members.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>4.<\/strong> It requires its members to have reached a certain level as performers.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>5.<\/strong> One of its aims is to introduce its members to music they may not be familiar with.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>6.<\/strong> It helps children to develop their musical skills.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>7.<\/strong> Its performances are popular with local people.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>8.<\/strong> It helps people who are in financial need.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Read the text below and answer Questions 9-14.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Biological Research Institute<\/strong><\/span><\/h3><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Welcome to the Biological Research Institute campus. We hope that your visit will be enjoyable and interesting. Please read the information below and comply with the instructions given.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">On arrival, you should report to the Reception building by the main entrance gate, where you will be issued with a pass. This must be visible at all times during your visit to the campus.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">If you are driving a vehicle, please inform Reception. They will contact Security, who will identify the area where you should park your car. Please ensure that you park it in the designated area. You must keep to the campus speed limit (10 mph) at all times. Cars are parked at the owner\u2019s risk.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">For your own safety, please follow the instructions displayed on noticeboards around the campus, as well as all instructions issued by authorised personnel. Do not enter any restricted areas or touch any machinery or other equipment unless authorised. Visitors must be accompanied by their host at all times whilst on the campus.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Entry into certain areas requires the wearing of special clothing or equipment. This will be provided for you by your host, who will advise you on the appropriate protection for the areas you visit.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Unless your host has previously obtained permission from the Institute management, photography, whether still or video, is not permitted in any part of the campus.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Children under the age of 16 must be accompanied by an adult at all times, and should only be brought on campus if the Institute management has previously agreed to this. No nursery facilities are available for visiting children.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In the event of an accident, call 3333 and request the assistance of site first-aid personnel.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Questions 9-14<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Complete the sentences below. <\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Choose <strong>ONE WORD ONLY<\/strong> from the text for each answer.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Write your answers in boxes 9-14 on your answer sheet.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>9.<\/strong> If you come by car, __________ will tell you where to park it.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>10.<\/strong> Advice on __________ can be seen on noticeboards.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>11.<\/strong> You will need to obtain authorisation before touching equipment such as __________.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>12.<\/strong> Permission from the management is required if you want to do any kind of __________.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>13.<\/strong> The Institute does not provide a __________ for children visiting the campus<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>14.<\/strong> You should phone 3333 if any kind of __________ occurs.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><h1><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #000000;\"><strong>SECTION 2 <\/strong><\/span><\/h1><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Read the text below and answer Questions 15-20.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Negotiating a better salary package for your new job<\/strong><\/span><\/h3><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">If you make it through the recruitment interview, a job offer may be just around the corner and you face having to talk about the nitty-gritty: your financial value.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Although many graduate training schemes have set starting salaries, there are loads of other jobs where you\u2019ll need to exercise your negotiating skills. If you\u2019re offered a job, it\u2019s because the organisation sees you as a valuable asset and you should try to set your level of remuneration accordingly.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">There are no general rules about how and when to conduct your negotiation but being sensitive to the culture of the organisation is essential. There are also some practical steps you can take to position yourself sensibly. Familiarise yourself with the company itself, as well as the range of salaries on offer. Doing careful research in this way prior to starting negotiations is very valuable. You can look at the range of packages offered for comparable jobs in adverts on the internet, or ask for advice from people you know professionally or personally. You could also approach a local Training and Enterprise Council. Finally, if you\u2019re a member of a union, they will have information on acceptable salary ranges for your profession.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">If the salary offered is less than you\u2019d hoped for, you could negotiate an early pay review instead, say after the first six months. Ensure that the criteria are clearly set out though, and that they\u2019re included in your contract.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Make sure you check out the salary package, not just the number of zeroes on your payslip. You may find that the total package of pay and benefits raises the worth of the salary to an acceptable level. For instance, you may be offered private health cover, a non-contributory pension, a car to use for work purposes and\/or significant bonuses. When bonuses are mentioned, you may want to discuss the basis on which they\u2019re paid, so that you\u2019re absolutely clear about the terms and conditions attached. When negotiating, be persuasive and consistent in your arguments but be prepared to agree to a compromise if you really want the job.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">If your negotiations are successful, ask for the agreed terms and conditions to be confirmed in writing ASAP.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Questions 15-20<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Complete the sentences below. Choose <strong>ONE WORD ONLY<\/strong> from the text for each answer.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Write your answers in boxes 15-20 on your answer sheet.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>15.<\/strong> When negotiating a salary, potential employees should take advantage of the company\u2019s view of them as a useful __________.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>16.<\/strong> When negotiating a salary, it is important to be aware of the company\u2019s particular __________.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>17.<\/strong> Some people use the __________ to monitor salaries offered for similar positions.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>18.<\/strong> People who belong to a __________ can ask for recommendations on what is the norm for payment in their field.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>19.<\/strong> Some people try to arrange for a __________ of their salary to be carried out after an initial period.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>20.<\/strong> It is important to be willing to accept a __________ if the negotiations are getting nowhere.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Read the text on below pages and answer Questions 21-27.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>How to run a successful project<\/strong><\/span><\/h3><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A project manager\u2019s main task is to bring a particular project to completion, both on time and within budget. There are many factors that can cause a project to veer off its tracks, but steps can be taken to ensure that your project experiences as little disruption as possible.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1. Prepare the framework<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">If you get everything down in writing at the beginning of the project, you have an excellent foundation to build upon. Change is inevitable, but you have to maintain control. This is critical to avoid problems of \u2018scope creep\u2019, which is when the company paying for the project asks for \u2018just one more little thing\u2019 repeatedly, until the project becomes unmanageable.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>2. Select the team<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Gather your human resources, and make sure that their skills align with their roles. This is an important first step: if you assign the wrong person to a task, you are reducing your chances of success.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Make sure each team member is clear on what is expected from them and when. Encourage them to ask questions to clarify anything that may be uncertain, and to always come to you whenever something seems to be out of place or going wrong. Clear communication is critical.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Make sure the whole team and the client company grasp the project\u2019s limitations in terms of its achievable outcomes. You can finish a task successfully and on time as long as expectations are reasonable.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>3. Staying on track<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">How can you know if your project is going to be successful if you don\u2019t have any way of measuring success? You will need interim milestones, especially for a long-term project, so that you can determine if you are staying on track or straying from the project\u2019s goals.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>4. Manage project risks<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Hopefully you have defined the more likely risks up front during the project preparation, so you should now put contingency plans in place for certain occurrences. If you can see when a risk is imminent, you can take preventive action to avoid it, but be ready to halt a project if the risk becomes unacceptable.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>5.<\/strong> <strong>Evaluate the project<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Once a project has been completed, it\u2019s important to write a report, even if it is only for internal purposes. You can pinpoint what went right or wrong, determine what could have been done differently, and establish the best practices for use in future undertakings.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Questions 21-27<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Complete the flow-chart below. Choose <strong>NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS<\/strong> from the text for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 21-27 on your answer sheet.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">How to run a successful project<\/span><\/p><table><tbody><tr><td width=\"717\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bear in mind that your aim should be to keep to both the agreed deadline and the <strong>21<\/strong> __________ for the project<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"717\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Fix the details at the start to prevent what is called <strong>22<\/strong> __________<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; the client asking for more and more.<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"717\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Choose the team members wisely so that their <strong>23<\/strong> __________ match the duties you want them to take on.<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"717\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Promote good <strong>24<\/strong> __________ at all times so everyone knows what you require of them.<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"717\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Make sure <strong>25<\/strong> __________ are set so you can check whether the project is running to schedule.<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"717\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Prepare <strong>26<\/strong> __________ which can be activated if things go wrong on the project.<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td width=\"717\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Once the project is over, produce a <strong>27<\/strong> __________ outlining its strengths and weaknesses for future reference.<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p>\u00a0<\/p><h1><span style=\"text-decoration: underline; color: #000000;\"><strong>SECTION 3 <\/strong><\/span><\/h1><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Read the text on below page and answer Questions 28-40.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Mass appeal of the manta rays<\/strong><\/span><\/h3><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>A<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">I am underwater, face to face with a large flat fish which I recognise immediately as being a manta ray. For an instant I look straight into its gaping mouth and see the row of small, flattened teeth in its lower jaw. Close on its tail comes another manta ray, and another and another. The manta rays are unaffected by my being there, cruising past in a leisurely fashion without seeming to expend any great effort.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>B<\/strong> <\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">From above, the manta rays are great black silhouettes that fishermen called \u2018devil fish\u2019, because of the curious horn-like fins hanging down near their mouths. But looking into their eyes you get a sense of their peaceful nature. Unlike stingrays, mantas don\u2019t have venomous spines in their tails, and unlike many fish species they seem to enjoy human company. Once, over-enthusiastically, I swim towards a manta. I am just a few inches away when it senses me. To my surprise, the whole fish twitches in alarm and shoots off, perhaps fearing that I will touch it. I feel ashamed to have given it a fright.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>C<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">I have come to Hanifaru, a small lagoon next to an uninhabited island in the Maldives, especially to see manta rays. These great harmless creatures congregate here during the south-west monsoons between May and November and, if the tides and winds are right, enter a shallow cul-de-sac in the reef to hunt for plankton, their main source of nutrition. On certain days the bay can attract more than 100 mantas. I have seen many manta rays on dives around the world, though not in these numbers.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>D<\/strong> <\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Guy Stevens is my guide, a British marine biologist who has been studying the mantas for the past five years. Based at the nearby Four Seasons resort, he has identified more than 2,000 individual manta rays, photographing and cataloguing them according to their distinctive skin patterns. Each day we make the 40-minute boat journey from the resort to Hanifaru. Feeding events, as Guy calls them, are never guaranteed, but, during the season, hotel guests can sign up for \u2018manta alerts\u2019. If Guy and his research assistants spot significant manta activity, the guests will be brought by fast speedboat to the lagoon to snorkel. When feeding, the mantas of Hanifaru tend to stay near the surface, making them accessible to snorkellers just as much as divers. They seem not to mind the human competition in this quite small space, and indeed they are often joined by other rays and even giant whale sharks, which feed on the same plankton.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>E<\/strong> <\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Word among the diving community about the possibility of finding a mass of manta rays at Hanifaru has slowly been spreading over the past year. Outside the shallow lagoon I can see five large safari boats \u2013 live-aboard cruisers that take divers around the best underwater sites in the Maldives. It is something that Guy has been monitoring closely. \u2018Word is out that Hanifaru is a top manta spot,\u2019 he explains, \u2018and although the government has declared the bay a \u201cprotected area\u201d, we still don\u2019t have any regulations in force to limit the number of people in the water at any one time.\u2019<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>F<\/strong> <\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">During my stay, the resort received a visit from the then-president of the Maldives, Mohamed Nasheed. Since coming to power in 2008, he had made his interest in the marine environment and concerns about climate change well known. In 2009 he held an underwater cabinet meeting, urging other world leaders to act decisively to combat climate change. The protection of wildlife areas such as Hanifaru was clearly one of his objectives, and I asked him why he took such an interest. \u2018Maldivians have lived with the reefs and their fish life since long before there were tourists,\u2019 he said. \u2018And while tourist dollars are good for our country, the sea and its produce are even more vital to my people. I have to balance what tourists want to see with preserving the marine environment \u2013 and in some cases, like Hanifaru, those objectives coincide.\u2019<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>G<\/strong> <\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">On several dives I am lucky enough to get close to the mantas, sometimes at underwater \u2018cleaning stations\u2019. Here, the mantas come in small numbers, or individually, to pause above a coral outcrop and wait while small fish pick at their skin, removing parasites. Adapted for fast swimming with their flattened bodies, they can accelerate rapidly with a twitch of their wings. They gaze at human swimmers with a kind of knowing calm, something people often remark on when they try to capture the emotion they experience after seeing them. The manta rays have the biggest brain of any fish,\u2019 Guy explains, \u2018and some manta researchers are convinced that mantas can recognise individual people underwater.\u2019<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>H<\/strong> <\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">I return to the lagoon over the course of several days and learn more from Guy about his hopes for the future. \u2018People can visit this place, but I want to be sure that they don\u2019t harass the mantas by touching them or crowding them out while they\u2019re feeding. We\u2019re working to get a full-time ranger station and some kind of permit system to limit the number of boats that can enter the lagoon each day.\u2019<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Questions 28-30<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The text on below page has 8 paragraphs, A-H. Which paragraph mentions the following?<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Write the correct letter, A-H, in boxes 28-30 on your answer sheet.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>28.<\/strong> a record that is being kept of manta rays in the area<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>29<\/strong>. something that the writer regrets<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>30.<\/strong> the reason for the writer\u2019s visit<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Questions 31-36<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text on below page?<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In boxes 31-36 on your answer sheet, write<\/span><\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">TRUE\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0if the statement agrees with the information<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">FALSE\u00a0 \u00a0 if the statement contradicts the information<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">NOT GIVEN\u00a0 \u00a0 if there is no information on this<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>31.<\/strong> It is difficult to distinguish one manta ray from another.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>32.<\/strong> For hotel guests, viewing manta rays feeding has to be arranged at short notice.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>33.<\/strong> The manta rays appear to object to the presence of people in the water while they are feeding.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>34.<\/strong> Guy Stevens is concerned about the increasing interest in Hanifaru.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>35.<\/strong> Mohamed Nasheed succeeded in persuading certain other countries to take steps to protect the environment.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>36.<\/strong> A procedure has now been established to control the number of visitors.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Questions 37-40<\/strong><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Complete the summary below. Choose <strong>ONE WORD ONLY<\/strong> from the text for each answer.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Write your answers in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet.<\/span><\/p><h5 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>The manta ray<\/strong><\/span><\/h5><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">During certain times of year, depending on the weather conditions and the tides, manta rays collect to look for <strong>37<\/strong> __________ to feed on. They eat the same food as other species, such as giant whale sharks. As for keeping clean, they are kept free from <strong>38<\/strong> __________ by smaller fish.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Manta rays have certain characteristics which make them good swimmers; they use their <strong>39<\/strong> __________ to get up speed and they have flattened bodies, which help them to move quickly through the water. The nature of the manta\u2019s <strong>40<\/strong> __________ is of particular interest to scientists.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2eda4fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"2eda4fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-4911\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-4911\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Answers<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-4911\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-4911\"><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">1. C<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">2. A<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">3. D<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">4. A<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">5. B<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">6. A<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">7. C<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">8. D<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">9. security<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">10. safety<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">11. machinery<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">12. photography<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">13. nursery<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">14. accident<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">15. asset<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">16. culture<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">17. internet<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">18. union<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">19. review<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">20. compromise<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">21. budget<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">22. scope creep<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">23. skills<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">24. (clear) communication<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">25. (interim) milestones<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">26. (contingency) plans<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">27. report<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">28. D<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">29. B<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">30. C<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">31. FALSE<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">32. TRUE<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">33. FALSE<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">34. TRUE<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">35. NOT GIVEN<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">36. FALSE<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">37. plankton<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">38. parasites<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">39. wings<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">40. brain<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SECTION 1 Read the text below and answer Questions 1-6. Music Clubs A. Whitehay Youth Music is intended for anyone aged between 6 and 14 who is keen to perform in public. The club is limited to 30 members at any time, and we operate a waiting list for membership. Two concerts are performed every [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8413","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general-reading-practice"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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